Palm Oil-Free Structured Lipids: A Novel Structuring Fat for Sandwich Cookie Fillings

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a palm oil-free structured lipid (SL) as a lipid base in sandwich-type cookie fillings. SL was enzymatically interesterified from a blend of soybean oil, high-oleic peanut oil, and crambe hard fat (34:34:32). Four fillings (30% fat) were prepared using either SL or commercial shortening (CS), with processing by mixer (F1, F2) or ball mill (F3, F4). Commercial sandwich cookies were included as a reference Standard. SL exhibited an improved lipid profile, containing up to 14% less saturated fatty acids, higher levels of monounsaturated (34.5%), and increased long-chain fatty acids (~18% C22:0). Physicochemical analyses were conducted over a storage period of 180 days, including evaluations of texture, particle distribution, color, water activity, oil loss, and oxidative stability. Among the formulations, F4 demonstrated the highest firmness (at ~121.1 N) and the smallest D50 (~80 µm). However, it also exhibited lower oxidative stability (induction period: ~6.75 to 14.6 h) compared to CS-based fillings (~36 to 42.5 h), along with a higher oil loss (≥4.7%). Sensory of F4 yielded an overall acceptance index ≥ 70%, though it received lower scores for waxiness. Overall, the SL showed promising potential as a structuring fat in the fillings.