Characteristics of biscuits containing different proportions of whole mung bean, wheat and rice brown flours

Abstract

A simplex-centroid design was used to evaluate the effect of proportions (0 to 100%) of whole wheat flour (WWF), whole mung bean flour (WMF) and whole rice flour (BRF) on the quality of cookies savory. The dough cut in the shape of a disks (37 mm × 2 mm) showed a 13% retraction in diameter when they contained exclusively WWF, it was less intense (5%) with BRF and null (0%) with WMF. The dough expansion occurred only vertically, the thicknesses of the WWF, WMF and BRF biscuits were 5.33, 2.79 and 2.13 times greater than the initial dough height, respectively. This characteristic showed high correlations with volumetric expansion (r = 0.95), specific volume (r = 0.90), hardness (r = 0.92), fracturability (r = 0.93) and spread factor (r = −0.96). BRF increased the value of the color difference of the biscuits up to 17.70, the effect of WMF was smaller (6.51). Only the radial expansion index correlated with the trough (r = 0.76), final viscosity (r = 0.79) and setback (r = 0.77) parameters. Considering the main desirable physical characteristics in savory biscuits, the highest global desirability obtained was for the proportion of 49% WWF, 24% WMF and 27% BRF.